UJI TOKSISITAS EKSTRAK BATANG TUMBUHAN BAJAKAH KALALAWIT (Uncaria Gambir Roxb.) PADA ORGAN GINJAL HEWAN TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN GALUR WISTAR

Abstract

Abstrak
Bajakah kalalawit (Uncaria Gambir Roxb.) dari bangsa Rubiales merupakan salah satu dari 1000
tanaman di Indonesia yang dapat digunakan untuk obat tradisional, tanaman ini berasal dari pedalaman
Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah yang belum tersebar luas ke daerah lain. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk
mengetahui efek uji toksisitas ekstrak batang bajakah kalalawit terhadap gambaran histopatologi organ
ginjal tikus putih jantan galur Wistar dengan parameter kadar kreatinin dan ureum. Penelitian ini
merupakan eksperimental dengan desain Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan selama
15 hari. KN diberi CMC Na, KP di induksi gentamisin, PI, P2, P3 diberi ekstrak batang bajakah kalalawit
dosis 750mg/kgBB/hari, 1200mg/kgBB/hari, 1500mg/kgBB/hari. Analisis data dianalisis dengan statistic
SPSS 16. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ekstrak batang bajakah kalalawit berpengaruh terhadap
parameter kadar kreatinin dan ureum. Terjadinya peningkatan kadar ureum pada perlakuan III dosis 1500
mg/KgBB yaitu 26 mg/dl dan kreatinin pada perlakuan I dosis 750 mg/KgBB yaitu 3,29 mg/dl dan
perlakuan III dosis 1500 mg/KgBB yaitu 4,766 mg/dl. Hasil uji histopatologi menunjukkan terjadinya
kerusakan pada tubulus dan glomerulus berupa terjadinya perubahan pada degenerasi hidrofobik, nekrosis
dan nefritis intersititialis tubulus.
Kata kunci: Ekstrak Batang Bajakah Kalalawit (Uncaria Gambir Roxb.), Kadar Ureum dan
Kreatinin, Histopatologi Organ Ginjal.
Abstract
Bajakah kalalawit (Uncaria Gambir Roxb.) from the Rubiales order is one of 1000 plants in
Indonesia that could be used for traditional medicine, this plant originates from the inland of Central
Kalimantan that has not been spread widely to the other regions. The purpose of this study was to
understand the effect of toxicity test of Bajakah Kalalawit stem extract against the histopathological
description of the renal organ of male Wistar rats with creatinine and urea levels. This study was
experimental research with Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 treatments for 15 days.
KN was given CMC Na, KP was induced gentamicin, and PI, P2, P3 were given Bajakah kalalawit
stem extract with the variations of dose, which were 750mg/kgBB/day, 1200mg/kgBB/day,
1500mg/kgBB/day. Data analysis was analyzed with SPSS Statistics version 16. The study result
indicated that stem extract of Bajakah kalalawit affected the parameters of creatinine and urea levels.
The increment urea level was found at treatment III with the dose of 1500 mg/KgBB obtained value
of 26 mg/dl and the increment of creatinine was found at treatment I with the dose of 750 mg/KgBB
obtained value of 3,29 mg/dl and on treatment III with the dose of 1500 mg/KgBB obtained value
of 4,766 mg/dl. The result of histopathological test showed that there was the damage on the tubular
and glomerulus that indicated by the changes in hydrophobic degeneration, necrosis and interstitialis
nephritis tubules.
Keywords: Stem Extract of Bajakah Kalalawit (Uncaria Gambir Roxb.), Creatinine and Urea
Levels, Histopathological of Renal Organ.